Motion Picture Licensing Corporation was founded in 1986 by former MGM executives and an MPAA attorney. Their goal was to develop a process to help the public leverage the work of the creative community without infringing on copyright. Licence Application Medical Requirements. Given Singapore’s busy airspace and densely populated urban environment, the flying of an UA must be carried out in a safe and responsible manner. If the UA operations meet any one of the below conditions UA is flown at higher than 200ft AMSL. Within restricted, danger, protected, prohibited.

• Licence One Singapore
• Singapore Driving License Replacement
• License One Singapore Visa
• Driver's License Singapore
• License One Singapore Online

A driver license (or driving license) is required in Singapore before a person is allowed to drive a motor vehicle of any description on a road in the country. Like many other countries in the world, an individual must possess a valid driving licence before being permitted to drive on the road, and driving licence holders are subject to all traffic rules.

• LicenceOne is a business licensing portal that aims to deliver a more user-friendly and efficient licensing experience for businesses. The one-stop portal will simplify the application and payment of licence-related fees and allow businesses to apply for multiple licences simultaneously.
• A Singapore driving licence is valid for five years for foreigners. For Singapore citizens and permanent residents, the licence is valid until the holder's 65th birthday, and then needs to be renewed every three years. Foreigners holding a Singapore driving licence should renew it at the Traffic Police Department one month before the licence.
• CorpPass is a corporate digital identity for businesses and other entities (such as non-profit organisations and associations) to transact with Government agencies online.
• License one singapore license one singapore. Keyword Research: People who searched license one singapore also searched.

The minimum age to drive a motor vehicle and getting a Qualified Driving Licence (QDL) in Singapore is 18 years old. The driving licence is for the normal lifespan of a person. For those who accumulated 13 demerit points and above within one year probation, the licence will be revoked.

Classes of driving licence[edit]

The classification of motor vehicles and eligibility of a driving licence in Singapore is as follows:

Types of driving licence[edit]

• Provisional Driving Licence (PDL) - possessed by learners in driving schools. A PDL can only be applied after passing the Basic Theory Test(BTT), which can be taken at any of the established driving schools in Singapore. From 1 Dec 2017 onwards, PDL Hardcopy will no longer be issued. The learner can now apply on the Police@SG Website. The PDL is required before any person can start learning to drive on public roads and operating a motorcar. This licence itself carries several restrictions, some of which are listed below:
  • A Certified Driving Instructor (CDL) must be present to guide the learner driver.
  • A learner driver is not allowed to use the expressway and some busy roads such as those in Chinatown and Orchard Road.
  • A 'L' plate must be placed at the front and rear of the car.
  • A PDL is valid for 6 months from the date of grant and can be renewed subsequently for every 6 months if the licence is granted before 1 Dec 2017.
  • For PDL Granted after 1 Dec 2017, It will be revamped to 2 years validity officially to allow learners to have more time to learn and pass their driving tests.

Upon the passing of a Final Theory Test(FTT), the learner driver can then proceed to take the Practical Driving Test.

• Qualified Driving Licence (QDL) - full licence. On passing the Practical Driving Test, a driving licence will be issued. The licence holder will undergo a 1-year probation period, in which he is required to display the probationary licence plate, a triangular plate, at the top right portion of the front windscreen and the rear windscreen, as seen from the outside of the vehicle. If the licence holder accumulates more than 12 demerit points within the probationary year, the licence will be revoked. Failure to display Probationary Licence plates may also cause the offending driver to receive a fine for the first time, then an immediate revocation for the subsequent time.

However, if the driver has a licence of Class 3A that has had lasted a year or more and he recently passed his Class 3 (Manual) Licence for less than a year, he will need to only place the Probationary Licence Plate when he drives or operate a Class 3 (Manual) Vehicle.

• Vocational Driving Licence (VDL) - a special driving licence for commercial vehicle drivers of taxi and bus. There are three types of VDL. Bus Driver Vocational Licence (BDVL) , Private Hire Vocational License (PHVL) and Taxi Driver Vocational Licence (TDVL). To apply for the bus driver vocational licence, the applicant must have a Class 3 Singapore driving licence with at least one year's driving experience and a clean driving record. To apply for the taxi driver vocational licence, the applicant must be a Singapore Citizen of at least 30 years of age and have a qualified Class 3 Singapore driving licence with at least one year's driving experience and a clean driving record. To apply for the private hire vocational licence, the applicant must have a qualified Class 3 Singapore driving licence with at least two years' driving experience and a clean driving record.

How to learn driving class in Singapore[edit]

There are two ways you can learn driving class in Singapore: 1) Driving schools; 2) Private instructors.

• Driving Schools - There are three driving schools in Singapore. Singapore Safety Driving Centre (SSDC) is in Woodlands, ComfortDelGro Driving Centre (CDC) is in Ubi and Bukit Batok Driving Centre (BBDC) is in Bukit Batok. These three driving schools are the places to register for Basic Theory Test, Riding Theory Test, Final Theory Test and Practical Driving Test
• Private Instructors - Private instructors are those who may be registered as self-employed instructors or registered under a private driving institution company. Typically private instructors would use personal or company cars for instruction. Only class 3 or 3A can be learned through private instructors. All other classes can only be done at the three driving schools in Singapore.

Conversion of driving licence[edit]

Foreigners holding foreign driving licence and intend to remain in Singapore for less than twelve months are not required to convert their foreign driving licence to a Singapore driving licence. They may drive in Singapore with a valid foreign driving licence. However, if the licence is not in English, in addition to a valid foreign driving licence, they are required to have an International Driving Permit/IDP. If an IDP is not available, an official translation of the driving licence in English is required. Foreigners from ASEAN member countries only need to possess a valid driving licence to drive in Singapore without an IDP.

To convert to a Singapore driving licence, the foreigner is required to pass the Basic Theory Test (BTT) for familiarisation of traffic rules and Singapore's Highway Code pertaining to traffic related issues specific to Singapore. A Singapore Permanent Resident (PR) who wishes to drive in Singapore is required to convert his foreign driving licence after becoming a PR.

References[edit]

1. ^ ^ab'Introduction of Class 3C Licence'. Singapore Police Force. Archived from the original on 2015-08-31.

External links[edit]

In Singapore, cars and other vehicles drive on the left side of the road, as in neighbouring Malaysia, due to its British colonial history (which led to British driving rules being adopted in India, Australia, New Zealand, and Hong Kong as well). As a result, most vehicles are right-hand drive. However, exemptions have been made to allow foreign vehicles and construction machineries to utilise the roadspace of Singapore. As such, vehicles with left hand drive configurations are required to either be driven with a sign indicating 'LEFT-HAND-DRIVE' or towed.

The per-capita car ownership rate in Singapore is 12 cars per 100 people (or 1 car per 8.25 people).

• 2Driving licence
• 3Roads in Singapore
• 4Traffic safety
• 5Buying a car
• 6Car market
• 8Petrol market

History[edit]

The earliest roads in Singapore, after its founding in 1819, were laid out in the Jackson Plan of 1822 in keeping with Sir Stamford Raffles's directions. A grid system was adopted for the town with roads for carriages being 16 yards (15 m) wide, and those for horses four yards wide. Pedestrian paths along the roadsides were two yards wide, allowing room for two people to walk abreast and giving rise to the five-foot ways that came to be associated with the sheltered walkways along roadside shops.^{[citation needed]}

These roads were fairly advanced for the time, with Macadam surfacing used on High Street as early as 1821. Roads were also constructed across the rest of the island, although they were usually unsurfaced. Most of the roads were accessible to the kampong roads by 1845, and finally to the HDB developed roads since the 1960s. Currently, there are a lot of roads and expressways in Singapore. The first motor car was introduced in Singapore in 1896.

As with many other urban areas of the time, all the earliest modes of transport were replaced by today's transport.

Driving licence[edit]

Obtaining a driving licence[edit]

A class 3 or class 3A licence permits the holder to drive motorcars weighing less than 3,000 kg when unladen and to carry no more than seven passengers. In addition, the holder may drive a motor tractor or other motor vehicles with an unladen weight of less than 2,500 kg. A class 3A licence limits the holder to drive motor vehicles without a clutch pedal, typically automatic transmission cars, whereas a class 3 licence allows the holder to drive all motor vehicles. Class 3A drivers are not allowed to drive manual transmission cars.^[1]

Drivers must be 18 years old to qualify for a licence including applying for theory lessons. Once a driver passes the Basic Theory Test (BTT), a Provisional Driving Licence (PDL) which lasts for six months before December 2017, 2 years validity after 1 December 2017, must be applied for before taking the practical driving lesson. It is an offence to learn to drive without a valid PDL licence. However, a student can choose to apply and pass the Final Theory Test (FTT) before applying for a PDL and starting driving lessons. The last stage of obtaining a driving licence is the practical driving test, for which a student must have a FTT pass result slip and a valid PDL. Failure to do so will cause the test to be rejected by the Traffic Police Tester.

The driving theory tests consists of 50 questions to be answered within 50 minutes; to pass, you must answer 45 out of the 50 questions correctly. Results are shown immediately after the test on the same touchscreen monitor.

Foreign drivers in Singapore[edit]

The Singapore Traffic Police require foreigners residing in Singapore to have a valid foreign driver's licence and to be at least 18 years old.^[2]

Conversion to a Singaporean licence is often possible for certain classes of vehicles.^[3]

Foreigners who have obtained a Singapore licence are supplied with a limited-duration licence which needs to be renewed between one month before expiry to three years after expiry. After this period, the conversion procedure or licensing theory and practical tests must be taken all over again.

Licence renewal[edit]

No renewal of a driving licence is required for Singapore citizens and permanent residents since the introduction of the photocard licence. The driving licence is for the normal lifespan of the person and can be surrendered upon request to the Traffic Police. If the person passes away, the licence will have to be surrendered to the Traffic Police for cancellation, similar to National Registration Identity Card (NRIC). It is an offence for any persons to continue or to possess or use any other persons's identity cards listed above without authorization.

A person who commits 12 demerit points and is above 80 years old is subject to early termination of the driving licence indefinitely. Additionally, no new drivers over 79 years old are accepted. Random medical check-up screenings will be required for those over 62 years old for all drivers that still want to drive.

For Class 4, 5, bus and taxi driving licences, annual medical check-ups are done from 70 years old all the way to 80. The upper age limit is 81.

Riding motorcycles registered on a different holder[edit]

In Singapore, it is illegal to ride a motorcycle if the rider's name is not entered in the insurance contract. For each motorcycle, only one co-rider can be entered, but the procedure to change the co-rider is comparatively quick and easy. The only exception is commercial insurance, where any rider can use the vehicle. Only a business registered company can register for a commercial insurance.^[4]

Driver Improvement Points System[edit]

The Driver Improvement Points System (DIPS) is a system whereby demerit points will be added to the driver's record. The system is meant to deter drivers from infringing the rules-of-the-road and, if they do, suspend their driving licence for a period of time. This system requires offenders to retest and pass the driving test again from the beginning.

If a driver accumulates 24 demerit points within a period of two years, he/she will be suspended from driving for three months. If he/she had been suspended before, he/she will only be allowed to accumulate less than 12 demerit points in a period of 12 months. It is a driving licence scheme where those foreigners who have their licence suspended will have their licences affected, as this is from other countries. A driving licence is a statutory requirement and is commonly used worldwide.

Currently, drivers are given demerit points if they commit certain traffic offences such as speeding and passengers not fastening their seat belts.^[5]

Roads in Singapore[edit]

Electronic Road Pricing[edit]

The Land Transport Authority (LTA) in Singapore implemented an Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) scheme to deter traffic congestion during peak hours at various roads. The ERP scheme requires electronic gantries to be placed over the road at designated locations and that cars be equipped with an In-Vehicle Unit (IU), a rectangular device pasted on the inside bottom right of the front windscreen from the driver's view, which will deduct the toll price from a CashCard. The CashCard must be inserted into the device, and failure to do so is in violation of law. There is no charge for entering the area during certain non-peak times.

Low Emission Zone[edit]

The LTA also implemented the Low Emission Zone to deter air pollution at various roads, as part of the change of law.

• 2014: All buses, vans, lorries and minibuses must meet minimum Euro II emissions onwards. All taxis must meet minimum Euro III emissions onwards
• Late 2017: All buses, vans, lorries and minibuses must meet minimum Euro III emissions onwards. All taxis must meet minimum Euro IV emissions onwards

Parking[edit]

The cost of parking in many upgraded car parks can be deducted from the CashCard inserted in the IU of the vehicle, thus eliminating the need for the car park to have an attendant. Although the cost of parking (which is published) is variable, parking costs tend to be much less expensive compared to London and New York.^[6] For example, the Centrepoint shopping centre charges a mere S$1 (approximately US$0.70) for the first hour, whereas garages in New York on Fifth Avenue and 57th Street charge between US$12 and US$26 for one hour.^[7]

Some car parks in Singapore are equipped with sensors that can detect whether the position is filled or not. This information is processed and displayed in signs around the car park, directing drivers to areas where there are free spaces.

Road signs[edit]

During British colonial rule, Singapore's road rules and legislature which govern the design and layout of the road signs were directly imported from Britain. As such, most road signs in Singapore are similar to those in the UK. For example, warning signs are a depicted as red triangles and mandatory regulative signs are depicted as blue circles.

However, several aspects of road signage and traffic-calming measures adopted locally developed standards after independence. Major deviations are as follows:

1. A locally developed typeface is favoured for the road signs over the Transport typeface which was adopted in Britain.

2. In 1998, a system of black-on-yellow 'curve alignment markers' was widely adopted and gradually replaced the British system of using white-on-black sharp deviation signs to delineate sharp turns. A few of the British-system signs were kept such as in Mandai Road and Suntec City.

3. In the late 1990s, all the circular regulatory signs and triangular warning signs were mounted to a one-size-fits-all square white backing board to improve visibility against a complex background like trees.

4. In the early 2000s, signs at road works were made usually black-on-orange and diamond- or rectangular-shaped, similar to the Taiwanese system.

Most roads, bridges, roundabouts, and tunnels are marked with signposts bearing the name of the road. The expressways in Singapore are not numbered (unlike in most other countries), but are named. Road signs abbreviate the full name of the expressway with three representative letters, such as PIE for the Pan Island Expressway or ECP for the East Coast Parkway, respectively.

Almost all road signs in Singapore are in English although many road names have a Malay origin. Typically, 'Jalan' is used for 'Road' and 'Lorong' is used for 'Lane'. Multilingual road signs exist, especially for historically ethnic enclaves like Chinatown or Little India, or for landmarks. For example, some directional signs pointing to Chinese or Hindu temples are bilingual or trilingual (English, Chinese, or Tamil). Bilingual signage dates to the early days of Singapore.

5. Curiously enough, even on the larger signs, road names are rarely spelt out in full. For example, 'road' is almost always 'Rd' ('Avenue' as 'Ave', 'Bukit' as 'Bt', 'Boulevard' as 'Blvd', 'Close' as 'Cl', 'Central' as 'Ctrl', 'Crescent' as 'Cres', 'Drive' as 'Dr', 'Jalan' as 'Jln', 'Kampong' as 'Kg', 'Lane' as 'Ln', 'Lorong' as 'Lor', 'Upper' as 'Upp', 'Place' as 'Pl', 'Saint' and 'Street' as 'St', 'Tanjong' as 'Tg'). Exceptions include roads that end with less common words, such as 'walk', 'hill', and 'park'.

Left turn or right turn at a red traffic light[edit]

Left Turn

In Singapore, it is illegal to turn left (into the nearest lane, due to the left-hand driving) during a red light. This rule, however, does not apply if a 'Left Turn on Red' sign is present at the junction, allowing left turning motorists to turn left, provided they stop before the stop line and give way to pedestrians and incoming traffic.

Right Turn

It is illegal to turn right during a red light in Singapore.

Right turns are permissible only when one's lane has the green light signal and the opposing traffic lane, travelling in the opposite direction, is clear and favourable to execute a right turn. However, green turning signals (the outline of a right-pointing arrow) are installed onto some traffic lights.

These rules in Singapore are similar to many countries that employ left-hand traffic, and unlike countries which permit turns on red.

Special Roads[edit]

Due to the limited land space in Singapore, selected roads, especially those with more lanes have been specially designated as runways for aircraft in the event of emergency or when needs arise.

Traffic safety[edit]

Driving safety[edit]

Driving after consuming alcohol, using a phone while driving, dangerous driving, and car racing are all illegal.

Car safety crash tests[edit]

The Singapore government accepts the crash safety standards of the EU and Japan. Cars made in the EU and Japan do not need to pass additional safety standards to be sold in Singapore. Cars may be privately imported into Singapore if they have an EU Certificate of Conformity or the Japanese Completion Inspection Certificate, both of which incorporate emissions and safety standards.^[8] Not all cars sold in Singapore have been tested by the EuroNCAP, a car-safety testing organisation jointly operated by several European government agencies,^[9] that crash tests cars that can be legally sold in several European countries.^[10]

Buying a car[edit]

Many regulations concerning buying and driving a car are administered by the Land Transport Authority, the successor to the Registry of Vehicles.

Certificate of Entitlement[edit]

New car buyers are required to buy a Certificate of Entitlement (COE), which is valid for ten years. The typical car lifespan is 17 years.^{[citation needed]} Extension for two or three years of the typical car lifespan is only for those who have special difficulties. Car buyers can scrap the car earlier than the typical car lifespan. The term 'bidding' is often used, but in practice new car dealers assist in the process. The fee of each COE is added on to the costs of a new car based on engine size—Category A is 1,600 cc engine and below; Category B is 1,601 cc engine and above—and is generally lower for Category A vehicles. There are provisions for a rebate of the COE if the car is scrapped before 10 years.

Preferential Additional Registration Fee[edit]

A car owner may apply for a portion of the Preferential Additional Registration Fee (PARF) if a car is de-registered before 10 years.^[11] The term 'Additional Registration Fee (ARF)' is calculated from 110% of Open Market Value (OMV). If a car is less than 5 years old, then the PARF is 75% of the ARF.^[12]

Open Market Value[edit]

The Open Market Value (OMV) of a vehicle is determined by Singapore customs and is equivalent to the price of the car, including freight and other incidental charges.

Licence One Singapore

Licence plates[edit]

Vehicle licence plates in Singapore are the same 520 mm × 110 mm size found in many European countries. Red licence plates indicate that the car may be driven only during off-peak times unless a daily fee is paid. Off peak times are from 7 p.m. to 7 a.m. on weekdays and all day on Saturdays and Sundays.^[13] Since the end of January 2010, off-peak car usage is no longer restricted on Saturday, Sunday, and the days before public holidays.^[14] Off-peak licence plates cost less than regular ones. Standard licence plates in Singapore are usually black with silver or white lettering or the newer white front/yellow rear plate combination and Off-peak licence plates are white on red.

Car market[edit]

Domestic car market[edit]

Car brands are typically sold by only one dealer although there are rare exceptions where two dealers sell the same brand. Several dealers have more than one location. Some dealers sell more than one brand, unlike the situation in some western European countries in the past where some manufacturers prohibited dealers from selling competing brands. Negotiation during car purchases is customary but limited due to the lack of competing dealers.

The limited size of the Singapore market results in some brands not offering the full model line in Singapore. Unlike in Australia, where the US Honda Accord and the Japanese Honda Accord (re-badged as the Acura TSX in the United States) are sold, only the Japanese Honda Accord is sold in Singapore. Some brands, such as Saab and Volvo (except the Volvo S60R) are only offered with automatic transmission even though manual transmission cars are sold in the car's home market.

Although car prices are high, servicing costs are reasonable compared to in the United States and Western Europe in terms of labour charges.

Sport utility vehicles (SUVs) and pick-up trucks are not as common in Singapore as in the United States and Canada. So, pick-up trucks in Singapore are relatively expensive compared to other Southeast Asian countries, and some dealerships do not import pick-up trucks like the Nissan Navara and Thai-built Ford Ranger at all.

Japanese car manufacturers have the largest market share. Some Japanese cars are imported from countries other than Japan. For example, the Toyota Vios is imported from Thailand, whereas the JDM version is called Toyota Belta. Initially the ninth generation Toyota Corolla sold in Singapore was a Japanese model, while the facelift version is a wider and longer Corolla Altis from Thailand.

Kei cars (like the Mitsubishi i, Subaru R2, and Suzuki Carry) are common in Singapore, but not as popular as in Japanese domestic market as most Japanese car manufacturers seldom release Kei cars in Singapore. Beside this, there are some grey imports of Kei cars like Daihatsu Copen.

What does this mean?We have scanned the file and URLs associated with this software program in more than 50 of the world's leading antivirus services; no possible threat has been detected.WarningThis software program is potentially malicious or may contain unwanted bundled software. Our team performs checks each time a new file is uploaded and periodically reviews files to confirm or update their status. In Softonic we scan all the files hosted on our platform to assess and avoid any potential harm for your device. This comprehensive process allows us to set a status for any downloadable file as follows:.CleanIt’s extremely likely that this software program is clean.

European car manufacturers are well represented. On the more expensive segment of the market, European cars sold in Singapore include Aston Martin, Ferrari, Rolls Royce, Maserati, and others. Skoda, Fiat, Renault, Peugeot and Citroen are among the less expensive European cars sold in Singapore.

American cars have a low market share. Chrysler, Dodge, and Jeep vehicles are sold in Singapore, such as the Chrysler 300C, Chrysler PT Cruiser, Dodge Caliber, and Jeep Wrangler. Chevrolet markets only Korean-made Daewoo cars, but not its American-made models. Ford markets some cars from its European line, not its American product line. Even Subaru, a Japanese car maker, did not do well with cars made by a US-based subsidiary, Subaru of Indiana Automotive, which exported the US-made Tribeca to Singapore.

Non-Japanese Asian car brands sold in Singapore include Perodua, Proton, Ssangyong, Hafei Motor, Chery, Geely, Kia, Hyundai, Chana, and Holden Special Vehicles.

Used cars that are more than three years old cannot be imported into Singapore.^[8]

Aftermarket[edit]

Because Singapore does not have a domestic automobile industry and thus has a very small domestic market for remanufactured and reconditioned auto parts, it has become an especially important aftermarket for businesses exporting automotive parts and accessories. This is magnified by high automobile turnover, a preference for new parts, and a high demand for 'accessories, car-care products, prestige items, and new spare parts'. In fact, Singapore has become a major automotive components manufacturing base, as several leading multinational corporations (MNCs) have established international procurement offices as well as their Southeast Asia distribution centres.^[15]

Singapore as an automobile exporter[edit]

The peculiarities of Singapore's car market has made Singapore the second largest exporter of used cars in the world (approximately 100,000 cars exported per year) after Japan.^{[citation needed]} Singapore exports its cars to many countries, including African countries. Used cars are often exported to other countries with right-hand driving, but there are exports to left-hand-driving countries as well.^[16] New Zealand allows used cars previously registered in Singapore to be imported without any modifications.^[17]

This is due in part to the reduction in the costs of COE and PARF between 2000 and 2005, which has incentivised owners to purchase new cars before their ten years is up. Previously, the COE and PARF represented around 80% of the cost of a medium-priced car like the Honda Accord. With the COE and PARF less expensive than in the past, in some cases the yearly drop in the COE and PARF rebate becomes significant compared to the pre-tax (OMV) price of a new car. Furthermore, with the PARF rebate starting to diminish after a car is five years old, the net amount of credit (similar to resale value or trade-in value) compared to the OMV becomes less favourable for owners of older cars. In contrast, in countries with low taxes, the most economical ownership strategy is to keep a car as long as possible until repair costs exceed a new car's depreciation costs or financing costs.^[18]

Left hand drive Vs Right hand drive[edit]

In Singapore, only right-hand-drive cars are permitted on the roads.^[19] There are exceptions for special-purpose vehicles, diplomatic vehicles, and foreign-registered vehicles, with the label placed at the back windscreen of the vehicles indicating 'Left Hand Drive' to alert other motorist that the driver's seat is on the left side instead of on the right side.

Petrol market[edit]

Singapore Driving License Replacement

Major companies in the retail petrol market[edit]

Unlike some countries with a significant number of petrol dealers operating under their own, independent brand, petrol dealers in Singapore sell petrol under the brand of multinational companies. Royal Dutch Shell, marketing petrol under the 'Shell' brand, has the largest retail network of stations.^[20]ExxonMobil has 23 Mobil stations and 19 Esso stations.^[21]Caltex, formerly a joint venture between Chevron and Texaco, but now a subsidiary of Chevron, which acquired Texaco has stations in Singapore. Singapore Petroleum Company, marketing petrol under the 'SPC' brand also has significant numbers of petrol stations in Singapore.

License One Singapore Visa

Four grades of petrol are commonly sold in Singapore. Diesel and unleaded petrol with octane levels of 92, 95 and 98 are widely sold. Octane levels conform with European octane ratings and roughly correspond to American octane levels of 87, 90, and 93, respectively. Shell also market a fifth brand of fuel under the V-Power label, in addition to 98 octane petrol. 98 octane V-Power is marketed as having an FMT additive and 'formulated to improve performance and responsiveness',^[22] and sells for approximately 15 cents per litre more than Shell's other 98 octane fuel.^[23]

Petrol stations frequently have loyalty schemes, such as Shell's Escape points.

The price of petrol is usually standardised such that the cost of a particular brand of fuel is the same regardless of which station sells it. Petrol is not rationed in Singapore.

Petrol is cheaper in Malaysia than in Singapore, but arbitrage opportunities are limited because cars registered in Singapore crossing over into Malaysia are legally required to have at least three-quarters of a tank of fuel.

Net exporter of refined petrol[edit]

As a result of the high petrol refining capacity in Singapore, Singapore is a net exporter of refined petroleum. ExxonMobil's Singapore refinery, with locations in Jurong Island and Jurong (Pioneer Road), has capacity of 592,000 barrels per day.^[24] Shell's 500,000 barrels-per-day Bukom refinery exports 90% of its products to other countries.^[20] The Singapore Refining Company has a 285,000 barrel capacity refinery, a 50/50 venture between Chevron and SPC,^[25] though part of Chevron's stake was previously owned by BP.^[26] The United States, in contrast, has a shortage of oil-refining capacity,^[27][28] resulting in about 10% of petrol being imported as a refined product,^[29] as opposed to crude oil, some of it being imported from the Netherlands, a country that lacks significant oil drilling activity.^[30]

Effects of the price of petrol in Singapore on the Australian market[edit]

The wholesale price of Mogas 95 unleaded petrol is the regional benchmark, including the benchmark price for Australia. This is a result of Singapore having a large refining capacity. In 2005, Australia imported 29% of its petrol and diesel needs, of which 80% came from Singapore. The retail price of Australian petrol is thus influenced by the wholesale price of petrol in Singapore.^[31]

Foreign assessment of Singapore motoring[edit]

The Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) submitted a report on Singapore's Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) system to the World Bank. The report praised ERP as fair, convenient, reliable, and effective in congestion reduction. It also described its positive ramifications such as revenue collection and pollution control.^[32]

An expatriate advice website states that driving and owning a car in Singapore is very expensive.^[33]

Wired described Singapore as a 'living laboratory for Intelligent Transport Systems, a catchall phrase for high-tech strategies to gather data, manage flow, and inform drivers of congestion ahead', noting that traffic 'does indeed move noticeably smoother here than in American metropolitan areas of comparable size—Atlanta, for instance.'^[34]

Measures to reduce vehicle usage[edit]

Several steps have to be completed before a car-owner can drive a vehicle in Singapore. A Certificate of Entitlement (COE) is required, costing more than S$80,000 to successful bidders. This permits ownership of the vehicle for a period of 10 years after which the vehicle must be scrapped or another COE paid for allowing an additional 5 or 10 years of usage. COE is technically a lease at an inflated cost. Only ten-year COEs may be further renewed to another 7–10 years and no extension of the car is given. Historic vehicles are exempted from these requirements.

Certain roads and expressways in Singapore are subject to the Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) system.

COEs and the ERP system are intended to encourage people to use public transport such as the MRT and public buses instead of driving. The increasing parking charges in HDB carparks from 1 December 2016 in electronic parking and selected season parking also deter people from driving and encouraged to take public transport.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

1. ^'Driving in Singapore – Singapore Police Force'. Archived from the original on 26 February 2015. Retrieved 11 June 2007.
2. ^'Legal Requirement'. Archived from the original on 7 January 2013. Retrieved 7 January 2013.
3. ^'Conversion of Driving Licence'. Archived from the original on 24 July 2019. Retrieved 10 September 2019.
4. ^'Certificate of Insurance'(PDF). AloRide - Singapore Motorbike Rental. Archived(PDF) from the original on 24 September 2017.
5. ^'About DIPS'. Singapore Police Force. Archived from the original on 7 June 2007. Retrieved 11 June 2007.
6. ^'ONE.MOTORING – Downtown Rates'. www.onemotoring.com.sg. Archived from the original on 10 May 2007. Retrieved 27 April 2007.
7. ^'Compare Parking Rates Daily/Monthly Garages Lots'. Archived from the original on 19 April 2007. Retrieved 27 April 2007.
8. ^ ^ab'Importing a Foreign Vehicle to Singapore'. Angloinfo Singapore. Angloinfo. Archived from the original on 8 August 2016. Retrieved 15 June 2016.
9. ^'Euro NCAP – For safer cars Members'. Archived from the original on 25 May 2007. Retrieved 14 May 2007.
10. ^'Euro NCAP – For safer cars Test results'. Archived from the original on 12 May 2007. Retrieved 14 May 2007.
11. ^'Registering a Motor Vehicle in Singapore – AngloINFO Singapore'. Archived from the original on 26 April 2007. Retrieved 24 April 2007.
12. ^'Page Not Found One Motoring'. www.onemotoring.com.sg. Archived from the original on 16 August 2019. Retrieved 10 September 2019.
13. ^'Motoring Matters – Vehicle Ownership'. Archived from the original on 18 May 2007. Retrieved 15 May 2007.
14. ^'Revised Off-Peak Car/ Off-Peak Car/ Weekend Car Transport Options for Motorists Roads & Motoring Land Transport Authority'. www.lta.gov.sg. Archived from the original on 23 November 2018. Retrieved 10 September 2019.
15. ^Ng, Haw Cheng (November 2010). 'Singapore: Automobiles and Vehicle Parts & Accessories'(PDF). U.S. Commercial Service. Archived from the original(PDF) on 20 March 2014.
16. ^'100,000 used Singapore cars expected to be exported this year'. Archived from the original on 29 June 2007. Retrieved 24 April 2007.
17. ^'Home NZ Transport Agency'. www.nzta.govt.nz. Archived from the original on 7 August 2019. Retrieved 10 September 2019.
18. ^'Should You Keep Your Old Car?'Archived 4 May 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Kiplinger.com
19. ^'PROCEDURES ON IMPORTATION AND REGISTRATION OF A CAR IN SINGAPORE'(PDF). LTA. Archived from the original on 7 April 2016. Retrieved 10 September 2019.
20. ^ ^ab'Shell in Singapore – Shell in Singapore'. Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 10 September 2019.
21. ^'Esso and Mobil Service Stations in Singapore'(PDF). Archived(PDF) from the original on 21 March 2007. Retrieved 26 April 2007.
22. ^'Shell in Singapore'. Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 10 September 2019.
23. ^http://www.shell.com/home/Framework?siteId=sg-en&FC2=/sg-en/html/iwgen/shell_for_motorists/fuels/discounts/zzz_lhn.html&FC3=/sg-en/html/iwgen/shell_for_motorists/fuels/discounts/price_board_0720.htmlArchived 27 September 2011 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 26 April 2007. Reference notes price of 16 April 2007
24. ^'Singapore Refinery ExxonMobil Singapore'. ExxonMobil. Archived from the original on 27 June 2018. Retrieved 10 September 2019.
25. ^'Singapore Fact Sheet'(PDF). Archived from the original(PDF) on 4 February 2007. Retrieved 26 April 2007.
26. ^'ChevronTexaco Increases Equity Interest in Singapore Refining Company' (Press release). Archived from the original on 29 September 2007. Retrieved 26 April 2007.
27. ^'U.S. Shortage of Oil Refining Capacity Called Critical'Archived 14 April 2016 at the Wayback Machine, NPR
28. ^'U.S. refiners stretch to meet demand'Archived 16 April 2007 at the Wayback Machine, MSNBC
29. ^'Press Room'Archived 25 April 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Office of United States Senator Richard Shelby
30. ^'No. 12 Netherlands – Exchange favors the U.S.'Archived 28 February 2007 at the Wayback Machine, WorldCity Annual Report
31. ^'Pricing AIP press release'Archived 26 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine, BP Australia
32. ^'indesign.indd'(PDF). Archived(PDF) from the original on 10 May 2008. Retrieved 19 May 2007.
33. ^'Car and Driving'. Archived from the original on 14 April 2016. Retrieved 10 September 2019.
34. ^'Wired 9.11: The Ultimate Jam Session'. Wired. Archived from the original on 23 October 2012. Retrieved 6 March 2017.

External links[edit]

Driver's License Singapore

• Schematic drawing of ERP system which uses pair of gantries and 5 step detection sequence [1]
• TripSum @ Xeesa.com: 1st online Fuel/ ERP/ Taxi fare calculator to check and calculate Fuel, ERP and Taxi Fare amount needed for a motorist's driving trip or taxi trip in Singapore

License One Singapore Online